Menopon gallinae, sinonim menopon pallidum, merupakan kutu tangkai bulu pada unggas, bergerak cepat, berwarna kuning muda, berukuran kecil, palpusnya kecil dan antenanya tersusun oleh 4 segmen. A list of menoponidae phthiraptera from india 1 41. On the basis of crop contents the louse does not seem to harbor any triturating agent. Among the lice, menopon gallinae occurred predominantly. The mean intensity of lice in the area of eltarf was 172.
While 57 black partridges 35 domesticated and 22 wild were infested by 7 species of lice coculogaster heterographus, brueelia coquimbana, menacanthuss tramineus, genero columbicola, menopon gallinae, lipeurus caponis, goniodes gigas, four species of mites. Avian lice collected in baybay, leyte, philippines. These include the chicken body louse menacanthus stramineus, shaft louse menopon gallinae, fluff louse goniocodes gallinae, wing louse liperus caponis, and chicken head louse cuclotogaster heterographus fig. Similar trend was also showed by menacanthus spp and menopon gallinae but few specimens were also found on wings. Diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites on backyard. Because of the mild climatic environment and other favorable factors, these. A note on the haematophagous nature of poultry shaft louse, menopon gallinae amblycera. Parasites and parasitic diseases of domestic animals in the hawaiian islands. Amblyomma macultum, menopon gallinae, cnemidocoptes mutans, pulex irritans andlipeuru s caponis were present on fowl at a rate of 49. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Yet, n i burkina faso, no research on fowl has assessed the effects of external parasites infestations on the.
This is the first report on ecto and endoparasites in domestic pigeons in hamedan, west of iran. Menopon gallinae linnaeus, 1758 espesye sa insekto nga una nga gihulagway ni linnaeus ni adtong 1758 ang menopon gallinae. Alicata2 parasites of animals havegained entrance to the hawaiian islands for a century or. Dermanyssus gallinae and a flea species pulex irritans. Polyploidy or whole genome duplication wgd is considered a major force in plant evolution, but less important in animals. Prevalence and economic significance of ectoparasites. Attempts were made to determine the rate of expansion of menopon gallinae by releasing 10 healthier looking adult lice on each of the twelve. Multiple largescale gene and genome duplications during. This free online tool allows to combine multiple pdf or image files into a single pdf document. Incidence and occurrence of ectoparasites of poultry in. The distribution of nine chewing lice on poultry and their most preferred sites was determined.
The most diverse group of animals, the insects, are thought to have evolved without ever experiencing a wgd. By using a variable temperature apparatus, conci 1952 found the. Menopon gaillinae lice in the golden eagle aquila chrysaetos and marsh harear circus aeruginosus in najaf provinceiraq article pdf available july 2017 with 445 reads how we measure reads. Prevalence of infection with ectoparasites among chickens. Gatne2 1odisha poultry federation, e251, unit 9, postbhoinagar, bhubaneswar, odisha751022. Our analyses of diverse genomic data found evidence for 18 ancient wgds and at least six other bursts of gene duplication during the evolution of insects. Goniocotes gigas, menopon gallinae, goniodes gigas, lipeurus caponis, and cuclogaster heterographus were recorded, and the most prevalent species across the. Ayam kampung gallus domesticus disebut juga ayam lokal yang merupakan ayam yang dipelihara secara turun menurun dan mempunyai sifat masih liar. The average numbers of biting lice at the 4th week of infestation were 71. Lice lay their eggs on the birds feathers, typically near the base of the feather shaft. Lice and mites pictures backyard chickens learn how.
Extension poultry specialist and head advisor department of animal sciences oregon state university. Nigeria, were examined for ectoparasites and gastrointestinal helminths, to determine the prevalence, intensity, and mean intensity of infestation and infection. Kutu jantan berukuran panjang 1,71 mm dan betina 2,04 mm. Menoponidae is a monophyletic family of lice in the suborderorder of chewing lice, amblycera, often referred to as the chicken body louse family. The large diversity of avian mallophaga of more than 3800 different species in 253 genera can be explained by the strict stenoxeny of most species and their presence in nearly all bird species.
Common external parasites of chickens james hermes, ph. Menacanthus stramineus, shaft louse menopon gallinae, fluff louse goniocodes gallinae, wing louse liperus caponis. The percentage of nymphal instars carrying red content in the crop was quite low. Lice feed on blood and other fluids of the host, causing birds to become restless and irritated. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence. Large infestations of chicken body lice, shaft lice, and other poultry lice may be injurious to the host by causing feather loss, lameness, low weight gains, inferior laying capacity, and even death.
Parasites and parasitic diseases of domestic animals in. This study aims to determine the differences in the type and number of ectoparasites in native chicken and chicken arabic in mulyoagung village, district dau, malang, east java. Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including several species of wild birds and mammals including humans. Ang menopon gallinae sakop sa kahenera nga menopon sa kabanay nga menoponidae. In intensive poultry systems, the most common and economically important louse to both chickens and turkeys is menacanthus stramineus, the chicken body louse, which typically is found on the breast, vent, and thighs. Pdf polyploidy or whole genome duplication wgd is a major contributor to genome evolution and diversity. Dermanyssus gallinae also known as the red mite is an ectoparasite of poultry and has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. Species wise and breed wise prevalence of lice infestation in poultry of mumbai region, india s. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Statistical analysis showed significance differences in the numbers of biting lice individuals between four tested body regions of domestic chickens.
Ektoparasit yang sering ditemukan pada ayam yaitu cuclotogaster heterographa, goniocotes gallinae, goniodes dissimilis, lipeurus. Species wise and breed wise prevalence of lice infestation. Ayam arab gallus turcicus adalah ayam kelas mediterain, yang merupakan hasil persilangan dengan ayam buras. A columbicola columbae, b lipeurus caponis, c oxylipeurus spp. Sticktight fleas are visible just below this hens comb. Amy murillo backyard chickens may live a sweeter life than chickens on commercial poultry farms, but roaming green grass and scratching real dirt exposes these birds to a different suite of parasites than those found in most commercial facilities. Menopon gallinae was the only louse species of local freerange chickens reported in. Biology of the chicken body louse, menacanthus stramineus. Pinjal ditemukan dekat dengan induk semangnya, baik di rambut, bulubulu atau di sarangnya. Soda pdf merge tool allows you to combine two or more documents into a single pdf file for free. There are many different species of lice that can infest chickens.
An menopon gallinae in nahilalakip ha genus nga menopon, ngan familia nga menoponidae. Prevalence of chewing lice in freerange chickens from selected. Wo2015091900a1 use of isoxazoline derivatives for the. They are ectoparasites of a wide range of birds including chickens, which makes them important to understand for veterinary science and for human health. This simple webbased tool lets you merge pdf files in batches. Prevalence of external parasite of poultry in intensive. An analysis of the crop contents of the poultry shaft louse, menopon gallina indicates that 67 % of adult males and 72 % of the adult females examined carried red content compatible to host blood, along with feather barbules. Raffensperger, an evaluation of coding systems for estimating populations of the shaft louse, menopon gallinae, journal of economic entomology, volume 54, issue 1, 1 february 1961. Ectoparasites cause fowl to experience stress and lead to a lot of serious diseases sangare, 2005. Menacanthus stramineus an overview sciencedirect topics. Whereas one species of flea, echidnophaga gallinacean and one species of mite.
A number of chemicals and herbal products are used for. This adversely affects feed intake, digestion, growth and egg production. Mallophaga biting or chewing lice is a group of obligatory ectoparasites mainly of birds and to a lesser extent only 12% of mammals. Menopon gallinae 50% was most frequently encountered while megninia species 2. He used the same temperature and relative humidity which were successful for cuclotogaster heterographus n. Prevalence of chewing lice in freerange chickens from. Pdf merge combinejoin pdf files online for free soda pdf.
Pigeon, endoparasite, haemoproteus columbae, ectoparasite. An menopon gallinae in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni linnaeus hadton 1758. Prevalence and distribution of chewing lice phthiraptera. It may have been common dozens per hen, but superficially resembled m.
The exact reason for the region specificity could be due to minute differences in the. The effects of ecoparasites on chickhen productivity. In pathological evaluation, coligranoloma observed in liver of some cases. Menopon gallinae was the species which has the highest mean intensity of infestation 83. Ectoparasites and gastrointestinal helminths of black. Conclusion in the present study, 6 species of lice and 1 fly species were identified viz. Kwazulunatal, south africa abstract the prevalence of chewing lice from four randomly selected rural localities in the province of kwazulunatal, south africa, was carried out. Figure 1 from different species of lice phthiraptera. Periodic examination of chickens at farms is recommended for early detection and treatment.
The parasite diversity found on backyard chickens was greater than what is commonly found on commercial chicken flocks in the us. Pdf menopon gaillinae lice in the golden eagle aquila. Rate of population increase of poultry shaft louse, menopon gallinae. Contoh pinjal adalah pinjal kucing ctenophalides felis dan pinjal tikus xenopsylla cheopis. Parsimony jackknifing outperforms neighbourjoining. This study is published in the journal of medical entomology, 2016. Attempts were made to determine the rate of expansion of menopon gallinae by releasing 10 healthier looking adult lice. A note on the haematophagous nature of poultry shaft louse. Prevalence of external parasite of poultry in intensive and backyard chicken farm at southern ethiopia disease, predation, and lack of feed, housing, poor samples were randomly selected to be examined for management and to lesser extent financial problems the presence or absence of.
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